Historical Timeline Builder
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Indian Independence Movement
1857 – 1947
First War of Independence
The Sepoy Mutiny against British East India Company rule, also called the Indian Rebellion of 1857, marked the beginning of organised resistance.
Indian National Congress Founded
The INC was established on 28 December 1885 by A.O. Hume, Dadabhai Naoroji and Dinshaw Wacha to provide a platform for civil and political dialogue.
Partition of Bengal & Swadeshi Movement
Lord Curzon's partition of Bengal sparked the Swadeshi movement — a mass boycott of British goods and promotion of Indian-made products.
Muslim League Founded
The All India Muslim League was founded in Dhaka on 30 December 1906 to protect the political rights of Muslims in India.
Gandhi Returns to India
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi returned from South Africa and joined the independence movement, introducing Satyagraha (non-violent resistance).
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
On 13 April 1919, British troops under General Dyer opened fire on a peaceful gathering at Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar, killing hundreds.
Non-Cooperation Movement
Gandhi launched the Non-Cooperation Movement urging Indians to boycott British institutions, goods, and services in a peaceful manner.
Simon Commission Boycott
The all-British Simon Commission was boycotted across India with protests of "Simon Go Back" led by Lala Lajpat Rai and others.
Dandi March (Salt Satyagraha)
Gandhi led a 240-mile march to Dandi on 12 March 1930 to make salt from seawater, defying British salt laws and inspiring mass civil disobedience.
Gandhi-Irwin Pact & Bhagat Singh Executed
Gandhi negotiated the Gandhi-Irwin Pact. On 23 March, Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, and Sukhdev were hanged by the British.
Government of India Act
The Government of India Act 1935 provided for provincial autonomy and outlined a federal structure, giving Indians more governing powers.
Quit India Movement
Gandhi launched the Quit India Movement on 8 August 1942 demanding an immediate end to British rule. "Do or Die" became its rallying cry.
Royal Indian Navy Mutiny
The RINM of February 1946 saw Indian sailors revolt against the British, showing that Indian armed forces were no longer reliable for British rule.
Independence & Partition
At midnight on 14–15 August 1947, India became independent. The subcontinent was partitioned into India and Pakistan, accompanied by mass migration.
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